AC vs DC
// WHAT YOU WILL LEARN
DC flows one way (battery, USB 5 V); AC swings back and forth 50 times a second (230 V wall socket); a charger turns AC into DC.
// LESSON NOTES
Battery vs wall socket — same electricity? ⚡
DC = ONE WAY. Current flows in one direction only. Battery, USB, 5 V.
AC = BACK & FORTH. In India the wall gives 230 V that swings back and forth 50 times a second (50 Hz). Its peaks actually hit about 325 V!
Why both? AC travels far on power lines and its voltage is easy to change. DC is what chips, LEDs and phones need.
That's why your charger turns 230 V AC into 5 V DC.
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